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The primary function of alarms in security systems is to alert personnel to a security breach or emergency situation. This instant alerting capability is crucial for responding to threats such as unauthorized access, fire, or other emergencies. Alarms serve as a critical first line of defense, ensuring that both security staff and relevant authorities (like law enforcement or emergency services) can take prompt action to mitigate risks or address the situation.

Alarms can also contribute to the deterrent effect of a security system, discouraging potential intruders when they know that an alarm may be triggered. Their effectiveness is largely dependent on rapid detection and notification, which allows for immediate response, thereby protecting assets, people, and information.

The other options, while relevant aspects of security management, do not define the main purpose of alarm systems. Monitoring employee performance, tracking inventory levels, and scheduling maintenance checks do not directly relate to the primary role of alarms in alerting personnel about security threats. Instead, they represent different operational areas that, while important, fall outside the realm of immediate threat detection and response that alarms provide.